Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Mechanisms Behind Fatigue, Cognitive Changes, Nerve Damage, and Anemia
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is an essential water-soluble micronutrient required for two critical biochemical pathways: methionine synthase and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase. Through these reactions, B12 enables DNA synthesis and myelin maintenance, while supporting cellular energy metabolism indirectly through proper mitochondrial function. In clinical practice, inadequate B12 availability can present with a characteristic constellation of findings involving hematologic,… Read More »