Energy Drinks and Caffeine-Related Effects: Evidence-Based Health Risks, Mechanisms, and Safer Use
Energy drinks are commonly marketed for alertness and performance, but their health relevance is largely determined by caffeine content and co-formulated stimulants. The core medical concern is caffeine-related physiologic activation: increased sympathetic nervous system signaling, higher catecholamine tone, and downstream effects on the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, sleep, and neurobehavioral systems. Many “energy” beverages also contain other… Read More »