Short Sleep Duration and Health Consequences: Mechanisms Linking 4–5 Hours to Metabolic, Cardiovascular Risk
Short sleep duration—commonly defined clinically as habitual sleep of roughly 4–5 hours per night—has consistent associations with adverse health outcomes across multiple organ systems. While occasional late nights may be compensated by catch-up sleep, repeated restriction below an individual’s sleep need alters neuroendocrine signaling, immune function, autonomic balance, and cognitive control. The result is not… Read More »