By Trend News Line 2024-04-03 10:26:04.
Bengaluru Team Reveals Insights into Lumpy Skin Cattle Disease Outbreak
In a groundbreaking discovery, a team of researchers led by the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) in Bengaluru has shed light on the evolution and origins of the virus strains responsible for the devastating lumpy skin cattle disease outbreak that has plagued India since May 2022.
National Emergency: Over 1,00,000 Cows Lost to Mysterious Illness
The outbreak of lumpy skin disease, caused by the Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV), has resulted in the tragic loss of over 1,00,000 cows across the country. The disease, transmitted by insects like flies and mosquitoes, causes fever and skin nodules and can be fatal for cattle.
Historical Spread of LSDV: From Zambia to India
Initially discovered in Zambia in 1931, LSDV remained confined to the Sub-African region until 1989 when it began spreading to the Middle East, Russia, and southeast European nations before reaching South Asia. India has experienced two major outbreaks of the disease, with the 2022 outbreak being particularly severe.
Genomic Analysis Reveals Distinct LSDV Variants Circulating in India
The research team conducted advanced whole-genome sequencing on DNA samples collected from infected cattle in various states, including Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, and Karnataka. They identified two distinct LSDV variants circulating in India—one with a low number of genetic variations and another with a high number of genetic variations.
Implications for Disease Severity
The team’s genomic analysis revealed over 1,800 genetic variations in the LSDV strains, including deletions, insertions, single-letter DNA changes, and variations in critical viral genes. The presence of these genetic variations may explain the severity of the disease and its impact on cattle populations.
One Health Approach: Collaboration Key to Understanding and Combatting Disease
The study exemplifies the “One Health” approach, bringing together experts from various disciplines, including molecular biologists, computational experts, and veterinary doctors, to address national health crises. Collaboration between veterinary experts and scientific institutions was crucial in tracing the spread of LSDV variants across the country.
Future Implications and Vaccine Development
Insights gained from this research can pave the way for improved diagnostics, vaccines, and interventions to combat emerging infectious diseases that threaten livestock and livelihoods. The genomic data provided by the study will be invaluable in developing targeted vaccines to combat LSDV and protect cattle populations.
In conclusion, the collaborative efforts of the research team have not only deepened our understanding of the lumpy skin cattle disease outbreak in India but also provided valuable insights into the genetic landscape of the virus. This research marks a significant step forward in the fight against emerging infectious diseases and underscores the importance of interdisciplinary cooperation in addressing complex health challenges..
virus behind India’s lumpy skin cattle
multi-institutional team tracks virus.