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A purusha-mriga stone carving at Narthamalai, Tamil Nadu.
| Photo Credit: G. Moorthy
The ancient land of Tamil Nadu is rich in history and mythology, with fascinating tales etched in stone across its many temples and archaeological sites. One such site that holds a mystical charm is Narthamalai, located in the southern part of the state. Narthamalai is known for its intricate stone carvings, including the depiction of the purusha-mriga, a mythical creature with the feet of a tiger.
Exploring Mythical Creatures in Indian Art
The presence of mythical creatures in Indian art dates back to ancient civilizations like the Harappan culture. These creatures, such as sphinxes and griffins, have been found in various regions of the country, showcasing the diverse influences that shaped Indian mythology over the centuries. From trade connections with West Asia to the migration of artists from distant lands, the tapestry of Indian art is woven with threads of cultural exchange.
Influence of Greek and Persian Art
During the time of the Mauryan and Satavahana dynasties, artists from Greece and Persia may have played a significant role in shaping the imagery of mythical beings in India. The fusion of Greek and Indian artistic styles can be seen in sculptures and carvings from this period, reflecting a harmonious blend of diverse cultural traditions.
A lamp featuring a kinnara, a creature that is half human and half bird.
| Photo Credit:
Special arrangement
The Legacy of Vyaghrapada in Tamil Mythology
One of the most intriguing mythical creatures found in South India is Vyaghrapada, also known as the purusha-mriga. The legend of Vyaghrapada, the man with tiger feet, is deeply rooted in Tamil mythology, where he is revered for his devotion to Lord Shiva. The statues and carvings of Vyaghrapada can be seen in temples like the Meenakshi Sundareswarar temple in Madurai, showcasing the unique blend of human and animal characteristics in Indian art.
Vyaghrapada statue at the Meenakshi Sundareswarar temple, Madurai.
| Photo Credit:
G. Moorthy
The Mythical Saga of Purusha-Mriga
The tale of the purusha-mriga is not just a myth but a symbol of resilience and divine intervention. As seen in the Mahabharata, the encounter between Bhima and the forest creature highlights the importance of wit and grace in overcoming challenges. The presence of the purusha-mriga in Indian art and folklore serves as a reminder of the intricate tapestry of mythology that continues to captivate generations.
The writer is the author of 50 books on mythology, art and culture.
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